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Chris Nuttall from Ankara reports on the controversy surrounding Turkey's Prime Minister Necmettin Erbekan. He has outraged his domestic opponents by a trip to Libya, during which Moammer Khaddafi, at a joint news conference with Erbekan, called for an independent Kurdish state- an anathema to the Turks. He faces a no-confidence vote in Parliament. He has earned the anger of the Clinton Administration for the visit to Libya and one to Iran, and for the deals he has signed with countries on the U.S. embargo list.

This year, the citizens of California have a dozen initiatives on the ballot in addition to their candidates for local and national office. These initiatives, if passed, create laws for the state without being passed through the state's legislature. Linda talks with David Magleby, a professor of political science at the Brigham Young University, about the history of the initiative process in state of California, and why the state (in some ways) leads the country in voting to enact new laws.

- Daniel speaks to Khulu Sibiya, the Editor in Chief of City Press, a leading newspaper in South Africa, about the recent revelations that have surfaced during the country's Truth and Reconciliation Commission. Several top ex-leaders including the former President of South Africa Pieter W. Botha are alleged to have had a major role in killings during the years of apartheid. The allegations were made this week during confessions by several high ranking police officers who admit to taking part in the killings.

difficulty in generating enthusiasm about his proposed tax cut. The strength of the economy and concern about the effect Dole's plan would have on the budget deficit seem to be taking the appeal from what usually is an attractive election year issue.

says marriage is heterosexual by nature.

Robert discusses the history of chicken with John Steele Gordon, a contributing editor for "American Heritage." Gordon wrote "The Chicken Story," an article in the September issue of American Heritage. Gordon says chicken was considered a luxurious meal as recently as 60 years ago and cost about 10 dollars a pound in today's terms. Industrialization brought chicken prices down. Now there are eight chickens for every person in the US.

According to commentator Andrei Codrescu, autumn in New Orleans is so subtle that it's barely detectable. It's still steamy, just slightly less so.

- Daniel talks with Edward Behr (BEAR) about the origins of Prohibition. America was "dry" from 1920 until 1933. During those 13 years Americans were unable to legally buy or sell alcoholic beverages. Behr says that, in part, Prohibition was white Anglo-Saxon America's attempt to suppress the new immigrants. Edward Behr is the author of "Prohibition:Thirteen Years That Changed America"

according to how 'family-friendly' they are in treating their employees. The joint study by Boston University and Business Week is published in this week's issue of the magazine.

has named economist Pat Choht as his running mate and Vice Presidential choice. Choht will meet with reporters today.

about the incarceration of Susan McDougal. The former business partner of President Clinton declined to cooperate with the court or independent Whitewater prosecutor, Kenneth Star.

White House Correspondent Mara Liasson talks with political experts and voters at a recent Clinton rally about the issues that may confront the winner of the upcoming presidential election. Among the questions raised by the experts is whether or not President Clinton...if he wins in November... has fully prepared the country about his agenda for a second term.

Noah talks with New York State Assemblyman Joseph Crowley about Gov. George Pataki's bill that will ensure New York school children learn about the Irish potato famine. Pataki signed the bill today, while Ireland's president Mary Robinson is visiting the city.

The day after the vice presidential debate, both President Clinton and his Republican opponent Bob Dole met up with their running mates on the campaign trail. Both claimed victory for their partners, but from there their appeals to voters diverged. Dole stepped up his attack on Clinton, while the Democrat scarcely mentioned the election at all. NPR's Elizabeth Arnold in Ohio with the Dole campaign and Brian Naylor in Tennessee with the Clinton campaign.

- NPR's Tovia (TOH-vee-uh) Smith reports that the traditionally Republican state of New Hampshire COULD go Democratic this year. President Clinton is running well ahead of Bob Dole there. Also, Democrats are running well for state offices.

- NPR's Richard Gonzales reports on a new immigration law that restricts and at times limits federal courts from reviewing complaints brought against the government. Immigration opponents praise the new immigration law while critics say it could be unconstitutional.

Linda reads letters from listeners about three great American pastimes: baseball, politics...and kissing. To contact All Things Considered, write to All Things Considered Letters, 635 Massachusetts Avenue Northwest, Washington, DC, 20001.

- Daniel speaks to Dwight Blocker Bowers of the National Museum of American History about the possible origins of the first broadway musical. Bowers is Co-curator of a new exhibit called, "Red, Hot, & Blue", at the National Portrait Gallery that traces the roots of the American musical on stage and screen.

Linda speaks with Bill Paxon (R-NY), chairman of the National Republican Congressional Committee, which has produced and paid for new ads that urge voters to prevent Democrats from controlling both the White House and Congress. The ads are being interpreted as an implicit acknowledgement by the GOP that Bob Dole may lose the presidential election. Paxon says that this interpretation of the ad is wrong, and that the GOP still has confidence that Dole can win the election.

NPR's Tom Gjelten reports on the threat posed to Haiti's fragile democracy by thousands of disgruntled former soldiers. There have been attacks against government targets by soldiers who are without jobs or money, and several former members of the military have been arrested on suspicion of plotting against the government of president Rene Preval.

Linda talks to Patricia Wells-- author of a new cookbook called "PATRICIA WELLS AT HOME IN PROVENCE." It is a book of recipes inspired by her famouhouse in France. Wells encourages cooks to use fresh ingredients and not to muck it all up. If you're cooking eggplant - she says - it should taste like eggplant!

Ed O'Loughlin reports from Johannesburg that former Defense Minister Magnus Malan and other former police officials were acquitted of murder charges today. Malan was the most senior member of the old apartheid government to stand trial for human rights abuses, but the judge ruled that there was insufficient evidence to convict him and fifteen co-defendants of the 1987 death squad killing of a family. The ruling angered many who had fought white minority rule, while former apartheid officials praised it as a vindication.

Robert talks with Kurt Eichenwald -- a business reporter with the New York Times -- about tapes which have surfaced that reveal Texaco executives discussed an impeding Federal discrimination suit. In his story in this morning's paper, Eichenwald details what the executives said regarding purging and shredding documents. In addition, he writes, the executives berated the company's minority employees with racial epithets. The tapes were recorded in August 1994, and some of the remarks were published in today's New York Times.

NPR's Eric Weiner reports that two weeks after the revived Palestinianian-Israeli peace talks began with promises of around-the-clock negotiations with a US negotiator, the talks have now stalled and the US mediator, Dennis Ross, has decided to fly home. Israelis blame Palestinians and the Palestinians blame the Israelis.

NPR's Sylvia Poggioli reports from Turkey on that country's concerns about the fighting between Kurdish factions in neighboring northern Iraq. The Turks have a Kurdish problem of their own, fighting a nationalist group they say is using the north of Iraq to launch attacks on Turkish targets. While Turkey wants a resolution to the Kurdish fighting, it doesn't necessarily back United States efforts to mediate an end to the conflict.