The last prisoner strapped to a table in Florida’s death chamber was 74 years old — the oldest the state has executed in modern times. The next two set to die are older still.
The series of executions, due to be carried out by the end of this month, highlights the nation’s aging death-row population. One of Florida's prisoners scheduled to die in July, a man convicted of killing his ex-girlfriend's parents in 1986, is 80 years old and would be only the second known octogenarian to be executed in the U.S.
For some, it renews questions about the humanity of administering capital punishment to inmates who might soon die from natural causes. For others, it illustrates how lengthy appeals designed to ensure constitutional protections and prevent innocent people from being executed can also delay justice.
“Is this intentional, as though to say, we’re not going to let a natural death help you escape executions?” asked the Rev. Dustin Feddon, a Catholic priest who has been ministering to Florida death row inmates since 2013. Noting the church's opposition to capital punishment, he added: "To execute those that are the most frail and elderly is even more cruel and unusual.”
Marilyn Gifford, whose sister's killer is set to die Tuesday, doesn't see it that way.
“I’m just happy it’s ever happening in our lifetime,” she said. “I wish my mother was alive to see it.”
Death warrants follow decades on death row
On June 25, Dusty Ray Spencer, who was convicted of fatally stabbing his wife in 1992, became the oldest person executed in Florida in modern history. The U.S. Supreme Court rejected the 74-year-old's appeal that his liver disease rendered him susceptible to excruciating pain from lethal injection.
Dennis Sochor, convicted of killing 18-year-old Patricia Gifford just hours into 1982 after meeting her at a New Year’s Eve party, would be just a week older if his execution is carried out on Tuesday. Marilyn Gifford said she and her family plan to be there.
Dominick Anthony Occhicone, 80, has spent nearly four decades on death row after being sentenced for the murders of his ex-girlfriend's parents in Pasco County. He is scheduled to die July 28 and would become the second oldest prisoner known to be put to death in the U.S., after 83-year-old Walter Moody Jr. Moody was executed in Alabama in 2018 for killing a federal judge and a Black civil rights attorney.
There are three inmates older than Occhicone on Florida’s death row.
The scheduling of executions is up to the governor
It's unclear why Florida set the executions for the three prisoners consecutively. Maria DeLiberato, legal director of Floridians for Alternatives to the Death Penalty, noted that in Florida, the governor has practically sole discretion when it comes to the scheduling of executions. In many other death penalty states, the scheduling is up to the courts.
About half of Florida’s 242 death row inmates have exhausted their appeals and could see their death warrant issued at any time. The family of Michael Sheridan spent a year calling and writing to Republican Gov. Ron DeSantis, requesting he sign a death warrant, before Sheridan's killer, Robert Palmer Health, was executed earlier this year.
DeSantis' office did not respond to an Associated Press request for comment. He oversaw a record 19 executions in 2025, more in a single year than any other Florida governor since the death penalty was reinstated in 1976. The state has executed nine inmates so far this year.
DeSantis said last year his goal is to bring justice to victims’ families who have waited for decades.
“Some of these crimes were committed in the ’80s,” the governor said last year. “Justice delayed is justice denied."
The average age of inmates executed in the U.S. has crept up from the 30s to the 50s over the past half-century, according to the Death Penalty Information Center. While some inmates committed capital offenses later in life, lengthy appeals and mandatory reviews have resulted in many spending decades on death row, sometimes developing medical conditions that can complicate efforts to execute them.
Under Supreme Court precedent, those who were under 18 when they committed their crimes cannot be put to death. But advanced age alone doesn't provide a legal case for avoiding execution, said Gerod Hooper, an attorney with Florida’s Capital Collateral Regional Counsel, a state agency that provides post-conviction legal representation.
“You’d have to say it’s unconstitutional to execute this 80-year-old because he’s mentally deficient, he doesn’t have capacity to be executed," Hooper said. "Or because of some underlying medical condition, the drug cocktail they inject would cause undue pain and suffering.”
Death row inmates with dementia in Utah and Alabama have avoided execution and later died of apparent natural causes. An inmate in Idaho received at least one stay of execution because of cancer and other health problems, but state officials continue to push for his death.
Pasco County case dates to 1986
Occhicone, who would turn 81 in August, has several age-related ailments, including kidney and prostate problems, according to his attorneys. He needs help getting in and out of the shower, they noted.
Occhicone's attorneys are asking the Florida Supreme Court to block the execution after the Second District Court of Appeal denied a stay request last week. The high court has not yet ruled.
According to court records, Occhicone went to the Holiday home of Raymond and Martha Artzner where his former girlfriend was living with her child on June 10, 1986.
Occhicone initially knocked on a sliding glass door, but his former girlfriend, Anita Gerrety, refused to talk and threatened to call the police. Occhicone appeared to leave, only to return a brief time later with a handgun.
Occhicone shot and killed Raymond Artzner outside the home. After Gerety and the child fled, Occhicone fatally shot Martha Artzner four times.
Charged with two counts of first-degree murder, Occhicone received a life sentence for Raymond Artzner's death and a death sentence for killing Martha Artzner.
In Sochor’s case, the Florida Supreme Court rejected his attorneys' assertion that the state’s three-drug lethal injection protocol violates his constitutional rights involving due process under the 14th Amendment and cruel and unusual punishments under the Eighth Amendment.
Sochor was free on probation from a 1980 rape conviction at the time of Gifford's disappearance.
“I knew him as a child, and he was a bully,” said Frank Frandel, who grew up as a family friend in Portland, Michigan. “I could believe he could be violent like that.”
Frandel offered no sympathy for Sochor's advanced age, pointing out that Sochor’s father will turn 99 this year.
“He could live another 20 years,” Frandel said. “So no, I don’t feel sorry for him being at that age.”
